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Effects of diets supplemented with fruit seed oils on fermentation parameters, ciliated protozoan population, and fatty acid composition of the rumen fluid of dairy cows were studied in 24 h batch cultures. Two diets, one containing lucerne plus wheat meal (60:40%) and the other containing of meadow hay plus wheat meal (60:40%), were supplemented with either grape oil or black currant oil (50 g ....
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of five different ratios of barley grain to maize grain: 1) 100:00, 2) 75:25, 3) 50:50, 4) 25:75, and 5) 00:100 on feedlot performance, carcass quality, ruminal and blood parameters of twenty-five Holstein bulls. Quadratic effects were detected for carcass efficiency and were greatest for diets with barley grain-to-maize grain ratios of 75:25 and...
This study was conducted to examine the effect of supplementation of 0 (control-), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 g . l −1 essential oils of Satureja khuzistanica (EOSk) or 3 g . l −1 polysorbate-80 (control+) into drinking water using 420 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks up to day 28 of age. The EOSktreated water significantly suppressed the productive performance of the birds (P < 0.05). Addition...
The objective of this study was to compare five mathematical functions used for modeling lactation curves and to choose the most suitable one for Polish Holstein-Friesian cows. The data used were 1,944,818; 1,548,700; and 1,081,107 test-day milk yields from 220,487 first, 181,165 second, and 128,774 third lactations. Five models were fitted to the test-day data: the Ali and Schaeffer (ALI), Guo (GUO),...
The study was designed to identify the central pathways through which central interleukin-1β (IL-1β) affects gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release in anoestrous ewes. Our results show that intracerebroventricular (icv.) injection of IL-1β (50 µg) decreases the GnRH concentration in the perfusates collected from the medial basal hypothalamus/median eminence (MBH/ME), increases its type I receptor...
Under conditions simulating intestinal digestion in broilers, phytase B was found to free myo-inositol from low non-phytate phosphorus maize–soyabean meal-based and wheat–soyabean meal-based diets, whereas both 3- and 6-phytases A accelerated myo-inositol release only in the presence of phytase B. In the feeding experiment, myo-inositol at 1 g · kg–1 increased the feed intake and body weight gain...
The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of saturated fatty acids on methanogenesis in Archaea, and whether or not competitive inactivation of the methanogens’ coenzyme M (HS-CoM) is involved in the inhibition. Strains tested in batch cultures were Methanosarcina barkeri, Methanosarcina mazei, Methanococcus voltae, all incubated at 37°C, and Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus, incubated...
Bacterial endotoxin, LPS, is recognized by Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and induces a signaling cascade leading to synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and induction of sickness behavior in animals. Transduction of the TLR4 signal is controlled by a potent negative regulator—Toll-interacting protein. The presented study concerns the effect of intravenously injected LPS on the level of expression...
The extract from linden inflorescence is one of the pharmacognostic resources which properties are associated with the presence of flavonoids (mainly: quercetin, kaempferol, acacetin glycosides and tiliroside). Flavonoids belong to polyphenols that may play a significant role in the dietoprophylaxis of civilization diseases. These compounds have many different mechanisms of action, but most important...
The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a receptor for a polypeptide hormone that stimulates mammary gland development and lactation in mammals. Associations between the PRLR genotype and cow and goat milk traits have been reported. To date, the nucleotide polymorphisms within the PRLR gene in equine species have not been investigated. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the most abundant form of genetic...
Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of fermentation and germination on the nutritive value of barley for Japanese quail. In the first experiment, 72 male 13-week-old Japanese quails were used to determine the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEN) of barley samples. In the second experiment, 720 7-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned to a 3 × 3 factorial...
This study aims to evaluate the effects of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3 , 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg · kg–1) and 1α-hydroxycholecalciferol (1a-OH D3 , 0, 2.5, and 5 mg · kg–1) on growth performance and tibia quality and to compare the relative potency of 1α-OH D3 to vitamin D3 in 1- to 21-day-old female broilers fed a calcium (Ca)- and phosphorus (P)-deficient diet. The basal diet...
The effects of potato protein concentrates (PPC) differing in dietary solanidine glycoalkaloids (SGA) and trypsin inhibitor activity (TI), and of potato sprouts with differing SGA levels, were studied in rats. In Experiment 1, semi-purified isoprotein diets containing casein or one of six PPC contributing from 116 to 439 mg SGA · kg–1 and from 0.13 to 0.45 mg · g–1 of TI activity, were used. Weight...
Two 33-day experiments were conducted. In each experiment, fifty male pigs about 9 kg body weight were divided into five groups and fed ad libitum a mixture containing soya bean meal in the control group (SBM), whereas in the experimental diets, 50% (experiment I) or 75% (experiment II) of the soya protein was replaced by the protein of raw or germinated seeds of yellow (RYL and GYL, respectively)...
Soya isoflavones are compounds with phytoestrogenic characteristics, i.e. because of their structure, their effects are similar to those of animal estrogens. This is why they are used for medicinal purposes in aging women. The presented experiment with laying hens was conducted to demonstrate the possibility of transferring soya isoflavones from feed into egg yolk to produce isoflavone-enriched eggs...
The aim of this study was to examine the involvement of melatonin in the photoperiod-related development of inflammation in chickens. Newly hatched birds obtained in summer and winter were kept in a light : dark (LD) cycle (corresponding to the season of hatch) or in continuous light (LL). Half of the chickens held under LL conditions were given melatonin during the subjective night. Peritonitis was...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding resveratrol (RSV) to a hypercholesterolaemic diet on the lipid profile, activity of antioxidant enzymes and their mRNA gene expression, as well as lipid concentration in selected organs of Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets for 8 weeks. The negative control group (NC) was fed AIN-93G diet. The...
The study was designed to determine the in vitro effect of bacterial endotoxin – lipopolysaccharide (LPS) – on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from anterior pituitary (AP) explants collected from saline-treated ‘healthy’ and LPS-treated ewes in the follicular phase. In the AP explants, the expression of LH-β, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes...
The effects of five levels of added α-linolenic acid (ALA) (0, 1, 2, performance, meat quality, fatty acids, mRNA 3, and 4 g · kg–1 diet, as-fed basis) in diets on growth performance, meat qualexpression ity, fatty acid composition of muscle and liver, and expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) mRNA in the liver of growing meat rabbits were studied...
The first goal of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of vegetation consumed by goats on semiarid rangelands. Secondly, antioxidant activity and identified bioactive compounds of this vegetation were estimated. Twenty-five samples were analysed, including leaves, stems, fruits, or a combination of them. Chemical composition demonstrated large differences among species and smaller differences...
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